Expertise and perceptual-cognitive performance in soccer: a review
نویسندگان
چکیده
This review characterizes the importance of game intelligence between soccer players of different competition levels and according to a specific positional field status. However, research evidence on this topic is inconclusive and in some reports the importance of the perceptual-cognitive skills in the anticipation and decision-making performance remains unclear. Our intention is merely informative and indicative of the surrounding literature on the sport expertise, with the particular interest on the perceptual-cognitive performance, than depreciate some researches or taking part of some currents. Obviously that the variance in performance between soccer teams or players is depending of a several factors, like as anthropometric and physiological profiles, but one of the main factor that we want to include in the sport context is the perceptual-cognitive skills, such as visual search behaviour and the knowledge of situational probabilities. The aims of the present article are: (i) to define and to contextualize the different terminology used in this specific domain; (ii) to typify the different perceptual-cognitive skills that seems to bring on soccer players’ performance; and (iii) to provide some future research guidelines. Key-words: expertise, perceptual-cognitive skills, soccer RESUMO Esta revisão caracteriza a importância da inteligência de jogo entre futebolistas de diferentes níveis competitivos e de acordo com as suas posições específicas em campo. No entanto, evidências científicas nesta área não são de todo conclusivas e em alguns estudos que atribuem importância às habilidades perceptivo-cognitivas no rendimento das acções de antecipação e de tomadas de decisão são algo díspares. A nossa intenção é meramente informativa e indicativa da literatura em volta da excelência desportiva, com particular interesse para o rendimento perceptivo-cognitivo, do que depreciar algumas investigações ou tomar partido por alguma corrente investigacional. Obviamente que a variabilidade do rendimento desportivo tanto entre equipas de Futebol como entre futebolistas é dependente de inúmeros factores, como os perfis antropométricos e fisiológicos dos atletas, mas um dos mais importantes factores que intencionámos incluir no contexto desportivo são as habilidades perceptivo-cognitivas, tais como o comportamento da procura visual e o conhecimento das probabilidades situacionais. Os objectivos do presente artigo são: (i) definir e contextualizar a diferente terminologia utilizada neste contexto específico; (ii) tipificar as diferentes habilidades perceptivo-cognitivas que parecem emergir no rendimento desportivo dos futebolistas; e (iii) fornecer algumas orientações para futuras investigações. Palavras-chave: excelência, habilidades perceptivo-cognitivas, futebol 4. revista:miolo 8/6/09 12:13 Page 115
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تاریخ انتشار 2009